Gases
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Use the ideal gas law to solve for an unknown quantity
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Apply the general gas law to solve for an unknown quantity
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Use the ideal gas law to determine the molar mass or the density of a
gas
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Calculate the partial pressure of a gas in a mixture and the total
pressure of a gas mixture
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Apply stoichiometry to problems involving
gases
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Apply Graham’s Law to determine the molar mass or rate of effusion of a
gas
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Calculate the root mean square velocity of molecules in a gas
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Explain the origin of pressure in molecular terms
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Know the assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory
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Apply the Kinetic Molecular Theory to explain relationships between P,
V, T, and number of moles of a gas
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Compare a real gas to an ideal gas: under what conditions do gases
behave ideally and how does a real gas differ from the model of an ideal gas
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Describe how the characteristics of a gas determine the value of a and
b in the van der Waal’s equation
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Use the First Law of Thermodynamics to relate the heat gain or lose,
work , and change in energy of a system
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Distinguish between DE and DH for a system
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Relate exothermic or exothermic reactions to the sign of DH and direction of heat flow
into or out of a system
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State standard conditions for thermodynamics
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Understand Hess’s Law and apply it to calculating the DH for a reaction
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Use specific heat to calculate heat transferred or to determine the
specific heat of a substance
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Calculate enthalpy changes from calorimetry
data
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Write the equation for the standard enthalpy of formation of a
substance
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Use standard enthalpies of formation to calculate the enthalpy change
for a reaction
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Given DH for a reaction and standard enthalpies of formation for all substances
except one calculate its standard enthalpy of formation
Equilibrium
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Interpret chemical equilibrium as a dynamic process involving change at
the molecular level
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Write the equilibrium expression for a chemical reaction given a
balanced equation
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Calculate the effect on the value of K of reversing a reaction or
multiplying the coefficients of a reaction by a constant.
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Combine equations and their K values to obtain K for an overall
reaction
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Use the equation KP = (RT)DnKC to calculate
either KP or KC given the other and a balanced chemical
equation
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Given the value of K for a chemical reaction predict whether the
reaction will favor reactants or products (the position of the equilibrium)
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Use Q to determine if a system is at equilibrium or which direction
reaction will proceed to reach equilibrium
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Perform calculations to determine concentrations at equilibrium or the
value of the equilibrium constant
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Use simplifying assumptions when appropriate
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If necessary, stoichiometrically shift the
reaction in order to solve an equilibrium problem
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Apply Le Chatelier’s Principle to predict
changes in an equilibrium system when there are changes in on of the following:
concentration, pressure, volume, temperature